Resolving conflicts between Great Cormorants and economic activities depends on up-to-date knowledge of population size, dynamics, and seasonal distribution. To address this, the European Commission considers supporting a new international pan- European count of the Great cormorant in winter 2027 and a comprehensive literature review on the current state of research on cormorant interactions with fisheries, aquaculture and protected fish species, as well as their ecological impact, ecosystem services and conflict management strategies.